- ±àºÅ£º36132
- ÊéÃû£ºÐÂÎÅ·¨ÐÂ̽
- ×÷ÕߣºÕÅÊ«µÙ
- ³ö°æÉ磺ËÄ´¨´óѧ
- ³ö°æÊ±¼ä£º2008Äê5ÔÂ
- Èë¿âʱ¼ä£º2008-10-5
- ¶¨¼Û£º20
ͼÊéÄÚÈݼò½é
±¾ÊéÊÇÒ»±¾¹ØÓÚÐÂÎÅ·¨µÄÊ飬·ÖÈý±àÊ®ËÄÕÂÂÛÊöÁËÎÒ¹úÐÂÎÅ·¨µÄ¸Å¿ö¡¢ÏÖ×´¼°×¨ÌâÑо¿¡£Ö÷ÒªÄÚÈݰüÀ¨ÐÂÎÅ·¨µÄ»ù±¾ÔÔò£¬¹úÍâÐÂÎÅ·¨ÖÆÇé¿ö½éÉÜ£¬ÖйúÐÂÎÅÁ¢·¨ÏÖ×´£¬ÐÂÎÅÇÖȨÀíÂÛ£¬ÒþÐԲɷÃÑо¿£¬¹«ÃñÖªÇéȨÓëÐÂÎű¨µÀ£¬Ã½ÌåµÄ¾Óª¹ÜÀíµÈ¡£±¾Êé¾ßÓм«Ç¿µÄѧÊõÐÔ¡¢×¨ÒµÐÔ¼°Õë¶ÔÐÔ£¬Í¬Ê±Ò²¾ßÓÐÒ»¶¨µÄ´´ÐÂÐÔ¡£
ͼÊéĿ¼
Ð÷ÂÛ
µÚÒ»±à ÐÂÎÅÁ¢·¨¸ÅÂÛ
µÚÒ»Õ ÐÂÎÅÁ¢·¨µÄÒ»°ã¸ÅÄîºÍÐÔÖÊ
µÚÒ»½Ú ÐÂÎÅÁ¢·¨µÄÒ»°ã¸ÅÄî
Ò»¡¢¹ØÓÚÐÂÎÅ·¨
¶þ¡¢¹ØÓÚÐÂÎÅ·¨¹æ
Èý¡¢¹ØÓÚÐÂÎÅÁ¢·¨
µÚ¶þ½Ú ÐÂÎÅ·¨µÄµ÷Õû¶ÔÏóºÍµ÷Õû·½·¨
Ò»¡¢µ÷ÕûÓë·¨Âɵ÷Õû
¶þ¡¢ÐÂÎÅ·¨µÄµ÷Õû¶ÔÏó
Èý¡¢ÐÂÎÅ·¨µÄµ÷Õû·½·¨
ËÄ¡¢ÐÂÎÅ·¨µÄÐÔÖÊ
µÚÈý½Ú ÐÂÎÅýÌåµÄ¹ÜÀíÌåÖÆ
µÚËÄ½Ú ÐÂÎÅ·¨µÄÔ¨Ô´
Ò»¡¢·¨µÄÔ¨Ô´
¶þ¡¢ÎÒ¹úÐÂÎÅ·¨µÄÔ¨Ô´
µÚÎå½Ú ÐÂÎÅ·¨µÄ¼ÛֵȡÏò
µÚ¶þÕ ÐÂÎÅ·¨µÄ»ù±¾ÔÔò
µÚÒ»½Ú ÐÂÎÅ·¨µÄ»ù±¾ÔÔò¸ÅÊö
µÚ¶þ½Ú ÎÒ¹úÐÂÎÅ·¨»ù±¾ÔÔòµÄ¾ßÌåÄÚÈÝ
Ò»¡¢±£ÕÏÐÂÎÅ×ÔÓÉÔÔò
¶þ¡¢Æ½ºâ±£»¤ÔÔò
µÚÈýÕ ÐÂÎÅ·¨ÂɹØÏµ
µÚÒ»½Ú ÐÂÎÅ·¨ÂɹØÏµµÄ¸ÅÄî
Ò»¡¢ÐÂÎÅ·¨ÂɹØÏµµÄ¸ÅÄî
¶þ¡¢ÐÂÎÅ·¨ÂɹØÏµµÄÌØÕ÷
µÚ¶þ½Ú ÐÂÎÅ·¨ÂɹØÏµµÄ¹¹³ÉÒªËØ
Ò»¡¢ÐÂÎÅ·¨ÂɹØÏµµÄÖ÷Ìå
¶þ¡¢ÐÂÎÅ·¨ÂɹØÏµµÄ¿ÍÌå
Èý¡¢ÐÂÎÅ·¨ÂɹØÏµµÄÄÚÈÝ
µÚ¶þ±à ÐÂÎÅÁ¢·¨µÄÀúÊ·½ø³Ì¼°ÎÒ¹úÐÂÎÅÁ¢·¨ÏÖ×´
µÚËÄÕ ÎÒ¹úÐÂÎÅÁ¢·¨µÄÀúÊ·½ø³Ì
µÚÒ»½Ú Öйú¹Å´úÐÂÎÅ·¨ÖƸſö
Ò»¡¢Öйú¹Å´úÐÂÎÅ·¨ÖƸſö
¶þ¡¢Öйú¹Å´úÐÂÎÅ·¨ÖƵÄÌØµã¼òÎö
µÚ¶þ½Ú Öйú½üÏÖ´úÐÂÎÅ·¨ÖƸſö
Ò»¡¢Ç峯ĩÄê³ÉÎÄÐÂÎÅ·¨ÂɵIJúÉú¼°·¢Õ¹
¶þ¡¢ÖлªÃñ¹úÁÙʱÕþ¸®Ê±ÆÚµÄÐÂÎÅÁ¢·¨»î¶¯
Èý¡¢Ô¬ÊÀ¿Í³ÖÎʱÆÚµÄÐÂÎÅÁ¢·¨»î¶¯
ËÄ¡¢Àú½ì±±Ñó¾ü·§Õþ¸®Ê±ÆÚµÄÐÂÎÅÁ¢·¨»î¶¯
Îå¡¢¹úÃñµ³Ê±ÆÚµÄÐÂÎÅÁ¢·¨»î¶¯
µÚÎåÕ ¹úÍâÐÂÎÅ·¨ÖÆÇé¿ö½éÉÜ
µÚÒ»½Ú ´øÆÕ±éÐԵķ¨ÂÉ
Ò»¡¢ÈËȨÐûÑÔÓë"ÖªÇéȨ"µÄ¹ú¼ÊÐÔ
¶þ¡¢ÐÅÏ¢¹«¿ª·¨µÄ¹ú¼ÊÐÔ
Èý¡¢ÐÂÎÅÓßÂۼලÊÜ·¨Âɱ£»¤µÄ¹ú¼ÊÐÔ
µÚ¶þ½Ú ¸÷¹úµÄÐÂÎÅ·¨ÖÆÇé¿ö
Ò»¡¢ÃÀ¹úÐÂÎÅ·¨ÖƽéÉÜ
¶þ¡¢Ó¢¹úÐÂÎÅ·¨ÖƽéÉÜ
Èý¡¢ÈÕ±¾ÐÂÎÅ·¨ÖƽéÉÜ
µÚÁùÕ ÖйúÐÂÎÅÁ¢·¨ÏÖ×´
µÚÒ»½Ú ÖйúÐÂÎÅÁ¢·¨ÏÖ×´
Ò»¡¢ÎÒ¹úÏÖÐÐÐÂÎÅ·¨ÖƵĻù±¾¿ò¼Ü
¶þ¡¢ÐÅÏ¢¹«¿ª·¨
µÚ¶þ½Ú Ïã¸ÛµØÇøÏà¹Ø·¨ÂɽéÉܼ°Æä½è¼øÒâÒå
Ò»¡¢Ïã¸ÛµØÇøµÄÐÂÎÅ×ÔÓÉ
¶þ¡¢Ïã¸ÛµØÇøµÄ·Ì°ù·¨
Èý¡¢¡°À×ŵ×ÈÌØÈ¨¡±£¨Reynolds privilege£©ÔÚÏã¸ÛµØÇøµÄз¢Õ¹
ËÄ¡¢Òþ˽·¨µÄÒ»°ã¸Å¿ö
Îå¡¢Ïã¸ÛµØÇøÏà¹Ø·¨ÂɶԴó½ÐÂÎÅÁ¢·¨µÄ½è¼øÒâÒå
µÚÈý±à ÐÂÎÅ·¨×¨ÌâÀíÂÛÑо¿
µÚÆßÕ ÓßÂۼලȨÀíÂÛ
µÚÒ»½Ú ÓßÂۼලÓëÓßÂۼලȨ
µÚ¶þ½Ú ÎÒ¹úÓßÂۼල´æÔÚµÄÎÊÌâ
µÚÈý½Ú ÐÂÎÅÓßÂۼලµÄ·¨ÖÆ»¯
Ò»¡¢ÓßÂۼලÈë·¨µÄ·¨ÀíÒÀ¾Ý
¶þ¡¢ÐÂÎÅÓßÂۼලÁ¢·¨Ó¦×ñѵÄÁ¢·¨ÔÔò
µÚËÄ½Ú ÐÂÎżලÓë˾·¨¹«Õý
Ò»¡¢ÐÂÎżලÓë˾·¨¹«ÕýµÄÄÚº½ç¶¨
¶þ¡¢ÐÂÎżලÓë˾·¨¹«ÕýÔÚÖÆ¶ÈÓë¼ÛÖµÉϵĶÔÁ¢Í³Ò»¹ØÏµ
Èý¡¢ÐÂÎżලÓë˾·¨¹«Õý¹ØÏµÄ£Ê½ÏÂÔ̺¬µÄÁ½¸ö»ù±¾ÎÊÌâ
ËÄ¡¢½¨¹¹ºÍάϵÐÂÎżලÓë˾·¨¹«ÕýµÄ¶¯Ì¬Æ½ºâ¹ØÏµ
µÚ°ËÕ ÐÂÎÅÇÖȨÀíÂÛ
µÚÒ»½Ú ÐÂÎÅÇÖȨ¸Å˵
Ò»¡¢ÐÂÎÅÇÖȨµÄ³åÍ»±¾ÖÊ
¶þ¡¢È¨Àû³åÍ»µÄ¶Ô²ß
µÚ¶þ½Ú ÐÂÎÅÇÖº¦ÃûÓþȨ
Ò»¡¢ÃûÓþµÄÐÔÖÊÌØÕ÷ÓëÃûÓþȨµÄȨÀû¹¹³É
¶þ¡¢ÃûÓþȨ±£»¤Öеķ¨ÂÉÆ½ºâ
µÚÈý½Ú ÐÂÎÅÇÖº¦Òþ˽Ȩ
Ò»¡¢Òþ˽ȨµÄÐÔÖÊÌØÕ÷
¶þ¡¢ÐÂÎÅÇÖº¦Òþ˽ȨµÄÏÖÏó
Èý¡¢Òþ˽ȨµÄ·¨Âɱ£»¤
µÚËÄ½Ú ÐÂÎÅÇÖº¦Ð¤ÏñȨ
Ò»¡¢Ð¤ÏñµÄÐÔÖÊÌØÕ÷ºÍФÏñȨµÄȨÀû¹¹³É
¶þ¡¢ÐÂÎÅÇÖº¦Ð¤ÏñȨµÄÈ϶¨Òª¼þ
Èý¡¢¶ÔФÏñȨ¼¸¸öÒÉÄÑÎÊÌâµÄ̽ÌÖ
µÚ¾ÅÕ ÒþÐԲɷÃÑо¿
µÚÒ»½Ú ÐÂÎÅѧ±¾ÌåÒâÒåÉϵÄÒþÐԲɷÃ
Ò»¡¢ÒþÐԲɷõijõÖÔ
¶þ¡¢ÒþÐԲɷõÄÊÖ¶Î
Èý¡¢ÒþÐԲɷõÄÓ°Ïì
µÚ¶þ½Ú ·¨ÂÉÒâÒåÉϵÄÒþÐԲɷÃ
Ò»¡¢ÒþÐԲɷÃÖÐÔ̺¬µÄȨÀû³åÍ»
¶þ¡¢ÒþÐԲɷõÄÎ¥·¨ÐԱ߽ç
µÚÈý½Ú ÒþÐԲɷõĹ淶̽ÌÖ
µÚʮՠÐÂÎÅ×÷Æ·Öø×÷ȨÈ϶¨
µÚÒ»½Ú Öø×÷ȨÓë×÷Æ·
Ò»¡¢×÷Æ·¼°×÷Æ·Öø×÷Ȩ
¶þ¡¢×÷Æ·¹¹³ÉÒª¼þ
Èý¡¢Öø×÷ȨÇÖȨ¿¹±æ
µÚ¶þ½Ú ÐÂÎÅ´«²¥ÖеÄÖø×÷Ȩ
Ò»¡¢ÐÂÎÅ×÷Æ·Óëʱʱ¨µÀ
¶þ¡¢ÐÂÎÅ×÷Æ·µÄ¶À´´ÐÔÈ϶¨
µÚʮһÕ ¹«ÃñÖªÇéȨÓëÐÂÎű¨µÀ
µÚÒ»½Ú ÖªÇéȨµÄ·¢Õ¹Àú³Ì
Ò»¡¢ÖªÇéȨµÄÃÈÑ¿
¶þ¡¢ÖªÇéȨµÄ²úÉúºÍ·¢Õ¹
µÚ¶þ½Ú ÖªÇéȨµÄÄÚºÓëÒâÒå
Ò»¡¢ÖªÇéȨµÄÄÚº
¶þ¡¢ÖªÇéȨµÄÒâÒåÓëÉç»á¹¦ÄÜ
Èý¡¢¶ÔÖªÇéȨµÄÕýµ±ÏÞÖÆ
µÚÈý½Ú ÎÒ¹úµÄÖªÇéȨ±£»¤
Ò»¡¢ÎÒ¹úÏÜ·¨ºÍ·¨ÂÉ·¨¹æ¶ÔÖªÇéȨµÄ±£»¤
¶þ¡¢ÎÒ¹úÖªÇéȨ±£»¤ÖдæÔڵIJ»×ã
Èý¡¢¶ÔÎÒ¹úÖªÇéȨ±£»¤µÄ½¨Òé
ËÄ¡¢Ð¡½á
µÚÊ®¶þÕ ÐÂÎÅ×ÔÓÉÀíÂÛ
µÚÒ»½Ú ÐÂÎÅ×ÔÓɵÄÂÛÕù
µÚ¶þ½Ú ÐÂÎÅ×ÔÓÉȨµÄ·¢Õ¹Àú³Ì
Ò»¡¢´Ó˼Ïë×ÔÓɵ½ÐÂÎÅ×ÔÓÉ
¶þ¡¢ µÚËÄȨÀíÂÛ
Èý¡¢ÐÂÎÅ×ÔÓɵļÛÖµ
µÚÈý½Ú ÐÂÎÅ×ÔÓÉȨµÄÄÚÈݼ°Æä½çÏÞ
Ò»¡¢ÐÂÎÅ×ÔÓÉȨµÄÄÚÈÝ
¶þ¡¢ÐÂÎÅ×ÔÓɵĽçÏÞ
µÚËÄ½Ú ÎÒ¹úÐÂÎÅ×ÔÓÉȨµÄ±£ÕÏ
Ò»¡¢ÎÒ¹úÐÂÎÅ×ÔÓÉȨ±£»¤µÄÏÖ×´
¶þ¡¢ÎÒ¹úÈçºÎ¸üºÃµØ±£ÕÏÐÂÎÅ×ÔÓÉ
Èý¡¢Ð¡½á
µÚÊ®ÈýÕ ýÌåµÄ¾Óª¹ÜÀí
µÚÒ»½Ú ýÌå¹ÜÀíÌåÖÆÓë¹ÜÀí·½Ê½
Ò»¡¢Ã½Ìå¹ÜÀíÌåÖÆ»ù±¾ÀàÐÍ
¶þ¡¢´«Ã½¹ÜÀí·½Ê½»ù±¾ÀàÐÍ
µÚ¶þ½Ú ÖйúÐÂÎÅ´«Ã½¹ÜÀíÌåÖÆµÄÑݽøºÍ·¢Õ¹
Ò»¡¢ÎÒ¹úÐÂÎÅ´«Ã½¹ÜÀíÌåÖÆµÄÐγɺͷ¢Õ¹
¶þ¡¢Öйú´«Ã½ÐÂÎŹÜÀíÌåÖÆµÄÌØµãºÍ·¢Õ¹Ç÷ÊÆ
µÚÊ®ËÄÕ ÐÂýÌåµÄ¿ØÖÆ´ëÊ©
µÚÒ»½Ú ÎÒ¹úÐÂýÌåÁ¢·¨ÏÖ×´
µÚ¶þ½Ú ÍøÂçµÈÐÂýÌå¿Õ¼äÑÔÂÛ×ÔÓɵķ¨ÂɽçÏÞ
µÚÈý½Ú ÐÂýÌåµÄ·º´«²¥ÓëÒþ˽Ȩ¡¢ÃûÓþȨ±£»¤µÄƽºâ
Ò»¡¢¹ØÓÚÍøÂçÃûÓþÇÖȨ
¶þ¡¢¹ØÓÚÍøÂçÒþ˽Ȩ±£»¤
µÚËÄ½Ú ÐÂýÌåµÄ¿ª·ÅÐÔÓë֪ʶ²úȨ±£»¤
²Î¿¼ÎÄÏ×