[ Ò¶½ðÇ¿ ]¡ª¡ª(2012-3-14) / ÒÑÔÄ18334´Î
[1]±¾ÎÄÖУ¬¾«ÉñËðº¦Óë·ÇÎïÖÊË𺦡¢·Ç½ðÇ®Ë𺦡¢·Ç²Æ²úË𺦣¬¾«ÉñËðº¦Åâ³¥ÇëÇóȨÓ븧ο½ðÇëÇóȨ£¬¾ù×÷ΪͬÒå´ÊÀ´Ê¹Óá£
[2]²Î¼ûÂÞÀö£º¡¶ÈÕ±¾µÄ¸§Î¿½ðÅâ³¥ÖÆ¶È¡·£¬ÔØ¡¶Íâ¹ú·¨ÒëÆÀ¡·2000ÄêµÚ1ÆÚ¡£
[3]Vgl£®J. von Staudingers/ Gottfried Schiemann, Kommentar zum BGB, Buch 2, ¡ì 249-252, Sellier-de Gmyter Berlin, 2005, S.275.
[4]²Î¼û×¢[3]£¬µÚ279Ò³¡£
[5]Vgl. Jager/Luckey, Schmerzensgeld, ZAP Verlag, 4. Auflage, 2008, S.5.
[6]²Î¼û×¢[5]£¬µÚ102Ò³¡£
[7]Vgl. Gerda Muller, Neue Perspektiven beim Schadensersatz, VersR 2006, S. 1290.
[8]²Î¼û2001Äê×î¸ßÈËÃñ·¨Ôº¡¶¹ØÓÚÈ·¶¨ÃñÊÂÇÖȨ¾«ÉñËðº¦Åâ³¥ÔðÈÎÈô¸ÉÎÊÌâµÄ½âÊÍ¡·µÚ1¡¢ 2¡¢ 3¡¢ 4Ìõ¡£
[9]ÀýÈ磬½ËÕÊ¡ÄÏͨÊÐÖм¶ÈËÃñ·¨Ôº£¨2006£©Í¨ÖÐÃñÒ»ÖÕ×ÖµÚ0952ºÅÃñÊÂÅоö¡¢ÄÚÃɹÅ×¼¸ñ¶ûÆìÈËÃñ·¨Ôº£¨2009£©×¼Ãñ³õ×ÖµÚ337ºÅÃñÊÂÅоö¡¢ÖØÇìÊеÚÒ»Öм¶ÈËÃñ·¨Ôº£¨2007£©ÓåÒ»ÖÐÃñÖÕ×ÖµÚ1355ºÅÃñÊÂÅоö£¬Õë¶Ô´¥µçÈËÉíËðº¦Åâ³¥°¸¼þ£¬¾ùÅи¶Á˾«Éñ¸§Î¿½ð¡£
[10]ÀýÈ磺º£ÄÏÊ¡ÈýÑÇÊÐÖм¶ÈËÃñ·¨Ôº£¨2002£©ÈýÑÇÃñÖÕ×ÖµÚ40ºÅÃñÊÂÅоö£¬Î¬³ÖÁËÒ»Éó·¨Ôº·ñ¶¨Ô¸æ¾«ÉñËðº¦Åâ³¥ÇëÇóȨµÄÅоö£¬¸Ã°¸ÖУ¬Ô¸æÍ·¾±²¿ÊÜÉËסԺ80Ì죬·¨Ò½¼ø¶¨ÆäËùÊÜÄÔÕðµ´µÈËðÉËΪÇá΢ÉË£¬Ò»ÉóÅоöËù³ÖÀíÓÉΪ£ºÔ¸æÏµÇá΢ÉË£¬¾ÖÎÁÆ¿ÉÒÔÖÎÓú£¬Î´´ïµ½µ¼ÖÂÒýÆð¾«ÉñÍ´¿àµÄºó¹û£¬¹Ê²»ÓèÖ§³Ö¡£¹ã¶«Ê¡»ÝÖÝÊÐÈËÃñ·¨Ôº£¨2001£©»ÝÖз¨ÃñÒ»ÖÕ×ÖµÚ220ºÅÃñÊÂÅоö£¬Ò²ÊÇά³ÖÁËÔÒ»Éó·¨Ôº·ñ¶¨¸§Î¿½ðÇëÇóȨµÄÅоö£»Ò»ÉóÅоöµÄÀíÓÉÊÇ£ºÔ¸æÊôÇá΢ÉË£¬²¢Î´Ôì³ÉÑÏÖØºó¹û£¬²»ÔÚÃñÊÂÇÖȨ¾«ÉñËðº¦Åâ³¥·¶Î§ÄÚ¡£
[11]²Î¼ûÕÅ¿¡ºÆÖ÷±à£º¡¶Ãñ·¨Ñ§ÔÀí¡·£¨µÚÈý°æÉϲᣩ£¬ÖйúÕþ·¨´óѧ³ö°æÉç2000Äê°æ£¬µÚ139Ò³¡£
[12]2001Äê×î¸ßÈËÃñ·¨Ôº¡¶¹ØÓÚÈ·¶¨ÃñÊÂÇÖȨ¾«ÉñËðº¦Åâ³¥ÔðÈÎÈô¸ÉÎÊÌâµÄ½âÊÍ¡·µÚ2Ìõ¹æ¶¨£º·Ç·¨Ê¹±»¼à»¤ÈËÍÑÀë¼à»¤£¬µ¼ÖÂÇ××Ó¹ØÏµ»òÕß½üÇ×Êô¼äµÄÇ×Êô¹ØÏµÔâÊÜÑÏÖØË𺦣¬¼à»¤ÈËÏòÈËÃñ·¨ÔºÆðËßÇëÇóÅâ³¥¾«ÉñË𺦵ģ¬ÈËÃñ·¨ÔºÓ¦µ±ÒÀ·¨ÓèÒÔÊÜÀí¡£
[13]²Î¼ûÈ«¹úÈË´ó³£Î¯»á·¨Öƹ¤×÷ίԱ»áÃñ·¨Êұࣺ¡¶£¼ÖлªÈËÃñ¹²ºÍ¹úÇÖȨÔðÈ稣¾ÌõÎÄ˵Ã÷¡¢Á¢·¨ÀíÓɼ°Ïà¹Ø¹æ¶¨¡·£¬±±¾©´óѧ³ö°æÉç2010Äê°æ£¬µÚ81Ò³¡£
[14]²Î¼ûлºè·É£º¡¶¾«ÉñËðº¦Åâ³¥µÄÈý¸ö¹Ø¼ü´Ê¡·£¬ÔØ¡¶·¨ÉÌÑо¿¡·2010ÄêµÚ6ÆÚ¡£
[15]See U. Magnus, Comparative Report on the Law of Damages, in U. Magnus £¨Ed.£©£¬Unification of Tort Law: Damages, Kluwer Law Inter-national, 2001, p.192.
[16]²Î¼û×¢[14]¡£
[17]Ô˾·¨½âÊÍÉдæµÄ²»Í×Ö®´¦ÔÚÓÚ£¬Î´½«¾«ÉñÀûÒæÇÖº¦µÄÇÖȨ¹¹³ÉÒª¼þ×÷Ϊ¸§Î¿½ðÇëÇóȨ·¢ÉúµÄǰÌᣬÒò¶ø¿ÉÄܻᵼÖ¾«ÉñËðº¦Åâ³¥µÄ¹ý¶ÈÀ©ÕÅ¡£ÀýÈ磬ÔÚ¹ýʧµ¼ÖÂËûÈ˵ļÍÄîÎïÆ·ÃðʧµÄ³¡ºÏ£¬×ÝÈ»Êܺ¦ÈËÓÐÑÏÖØ¾«ÉñË𺦷¢Éú£¬ÈôÇÖº¦È˲»ÖªµÀ¡¢Ò²²»Ó¦µ±ÖªµÀÃðʧ֮Îï¾ßÓÐÌØÊâ¼ÍÄîÒâÒ壬¾Í²»Ó¦µ±ÈÃÆä³Ðµ£¾«ÉñËðº¦Åâ³¥ÔðÈΡ£
[18]з¨Öƶ¨¹ý³ÌÖУ¬ÒÑÓÐѧÕßÖ¸³ö£ºÇÖȨÔðÈη¨ÎÞÐè¶ÔÎ¥Ô¼Çé¿öϵľ«ÉñËðº¦Åâ³¥×÷³öÌØÊâ¹æ¶¨¡£²Î¼ûÕÅб¦£º¡¶´Ó˾·¨½âÊ͵½ÇÖȨÔðÈη¨²Ý°¸£º¾«ÉñËðº¦Åâ³¥ÖÆ¶ÈµÄ½¨Á¢ºÍÍêÉÆ¡·£¬ÔØ¡¶ôßÄÏѧ±¨¡·2009ÄêµÚ2ÆÚ¡£
[19]²Î¼ûÒ¶½ðÇ¿£º¡¶ÂÛÎ¥Ô¼µ¼Öµľ«ÉñË𺦵ÄÅâ³¥¡·£¬ÔØ¡¶°²»Õ´óѧ·¨ÂÉÆÀÂÛ¡·2002ÄêµÚ2ÆÚ¡£
[20]Vgl. Hermann Lange/Gottfried Schiemann, Schadensersatz, 3. Auflage, J. C. B. Mohr £¨Paul Siebeck£©£¬Tubingen, 2003, 5.432
[21]Vgl. Christian Katzenmeier, Die Neuregelung des Anspruchs auf Schmerzensgeld, JZ, 2002, S. 1034.
[22]²Î¼û×¢[5]£¬µÚ32Ò³¡£
[23]See Jennifer Arlen, Tort Damages, in: Bouckaert, Boudewijn and De Geest, Gerrit £¨eds.£©£¬Encyclopedia of Law and Economics, VolumeH. Civil Law and Economics, Cheltenham£º Edward Elgar, 2000, p.713.
[24]ÖµµÃ×¢ÒâµÄÊÇ£¬¡°Çá΢Ë𺦲»Å⡱ºÍ¡°ÑÏÖØË𺦲ÅÅ⡱֮¼ä£¬ÈÔÈ»ÓÐËù²»Í¬£¬¶Ô´¦ÓÚ¡°Çá΢¡±Óë¡°ÑÏÖØ¡±Ö®¼äµÄ²¿·Ö£¬¶þÕß»á×ö³ö²»Í¬µÄÑ¡Ôñ¡£
[25]²Î¼û×¢[15]£¬µÚ187Ò³¡£
[26]²Î¼ûÔøÊÀÐÛ£º¡¶Ëðº¦Åâ³¥·¨ÔÀí¡·£¬ÖйúÕþ·¨´óѧ³ö°æÉç2001Äê°æ£¬µÚ305Ò³¡£
[27]²Î¼û2003Äê×î¸ßÈËÃñ·¨Ôº¡¶¹ØÓÚÉóÀíÈËÉíËðº¦Åâ³¥°¸¼þÊÊÓ÷¨ÂÉÈô¸ÉÎÊÌâµÄ½âÊÍ¡·µÚ18Ìõ¡£
[28]²Î¼û×¢[26]£¬µÚ314-317Ò³¡£
[29]²Î¼û×¢[20]£¬µÚ448Ò³¡£
[30]ÇÖº¦¾«ÉñÐÔÈËÉíÈ¨ÒæµÄ°¸¼þÒÔ¼°½öµ¼ÖÂÇá΢Ë𺦵ÄÇÖº¦ÎïÖÊÐÔÈ˸ñÀûÒæ°¸¼þÖУ¬¶ÔÊܺ¦È˽üÇ×Êô¸§Î¿½ðÇëÇóȨ֮·ñÈÏ£¬ËƾùûÓÐÒÉÒå¡£ÇÖº¦ËÀÕß¾«ÉñÐÔÈËÉíÀûÒæµÄ³¡ºÏÏ£¬ËÀÕß½üÇ×ÊôÅâ³¥ÇëÇóȨµÄÌÖÂÛ»áÉæ¼°ÆäËûÎÊÌâ¡£
[31]Vgl£®Thomas Kadner Graziano, Angehorigenschmerzensgeld im europaischen Privaterecht-die Schere schliel3t sich, ZeuP £¨2002£©£¬S.842£843.
[32]Vgl. Helmut Koziol£¬Die Totung im Schadenersatzrecht, in Helmut Koziol/Japp Spier £¨eds.£©£¬Liber Amiconun Pierre Widmer £¨Tort and hi-surance Law Vol.10£©£¬Springer Verlag, Wien NewYork, 2003, S.204.
[33]²Î¼û×¢[31]£¬µÚ846Ò³¡£
[34]²Î¼û×¢[31]£¬µÚ844-845Ò³¡£
[35]²Î¼û[Òâ´óÀû]âýÈö•Ã×À°ÝÀû£º¡¶ÈËÉíËðº¦Åâ³¥£º´ÓÊÕÒæÄÜÁ¦µ½È˸ñ×ðÑÏ¡·£¬¶¡Ã¶¡¢Àî¾²Òë£¬ÔØ¡¶ÖÐÍⷨѧ¡·2007ÄêµÚ1ÆÚ¡£
[36]²Î¼ûÓÚÃô£º¡¶ÈÕ±¾ÇÖȨÐÐΪ·¨Éϵĸ§Î¿½ðÖÆ¶ÈÑо¿¡·£¬ÔØ¡¶Íâ¹ú·¨ÒëÆÀ¡·1998ÄêµÚ2ÆÚ¡£
[37]з¨Ö®Ç°£¬×î¸ßÈËÃñ·¨ÔºÔøÓÚ2001ÄêÔÚ¡¶¹ØÓÚÈ·¶¨ÃñÊÂÇÖȨ¾«ÉñËðº¦Åâ³¥ÔðÈÎÈô¸ÉÎÊÌâµÄ½âÊÍ¡·µÚ9ÌõÖУ¬Ã÷È·½«²Ð¼²Åâ³¥½ð¡¢ËÀÍöÅâ³¥½ð×÷Ϊ¾«ÉñË𺦸§Î¿½ð¼ÓÒÔÁо١£
[38] Vgl. Stephanie Pfltiger, Schmerzensgeld fur Angehorige, Verlag Ernst und Werner Gieseking, Bielefeld, 2005, S.94-125.
[39]²Î¼û×¢[38]£¬µÚ61Ò³¡£
[40]²Î¼û×¢[31]£¬µÚ846Ò³¡£
[41]Thomas Kadner, Schmerzensgeld fair Angehorige: Angemessener Ausgleich immaterieller Beeitritchtigmrgen order exzessiver Ersatz mittelbarerSchaden, ZEuP £¨1996£©£¬5.153
[42]µÂ¹ú¡¢°ÂµØÀû·¨ÉÏ£¬ÏʼûÉí·ÝȨÇÖȨÎÊÌâÖ®ÌÖÂÛ£¬Éí·ÝÀûÒæÒ²±»ÖÃÈëÈ˸ñÀûÒæÖ®ÖÐÀ´Ñ°Çó±£»¤£¬Ò²ÐíÕâ±³ºóÕæÕýÆð×÷ÓõÄÊÇÎÄ»¯ÒòËØ¡£Î÷·½ÊܸöÌåÖ÷Òå˼ÏëµÄÓ°Ï죬Éí·Ý¹ØÏµÖеľ«ÉñÀûÒæÒ²±»´Ó¸öÌåµÄ½Ç¶ÈÀí½âΪÊôÓÚÒ»°ãµÄÈ˸ñÁìÓò¡£¶øÖйúÎÄ»¯ÖУ¬¡°Éí·Ý¡±Õ¼¾Ý×ÅÖØÒªµÄλÖã¬ÎÒ¹ú´ó½Ãñ·¨ÈÏÓÐÉí·ÝȨÇÖÈ¨ÖÆ¶È£¬Ì¨ÍåµØÇøÃñ·¨µÚ195ÌõÒ²Ã÷È·¹æ¶¨ÁË¡°Éí·Ö·¨Ò桱±»ÇÖº¦Ê±µÄ¸§Î¿½ðÇëÇóȨ¡£
[43]Ç×ÊôȨµÄ¹¹ÔìÓëծȨÓÐÏàËÆÖ®´¦£¬¾ùÊÇ´¦ÓÚÒ»ÖÖÏà¶ÔÐԵĹØÏµÖ®ÖУ¬ÇÖº¦¾ù¿ÉÄÜÀ´×ÔÓÚÏà¶ÔÈ˺͵ÚÈýÈË¡£µ«ÔÚÇÖȨ¹¹³ÉÉÏ£¬µÚÈýÈËÇÖº¦Õ®È¨µÄ¹¹³ÉÐèÒªµÚÈýÈËÎ¥±³ÉÆÁ¼·çË×£¬¶ñÒâµØÒÔÇÖº¦Õ®È¨ÎªÄ¿µÄ£¬¶øÇ×ÊôȨÇÖȨµÄ¹¹³ÉÔòÎÞ´ËÒªÇó¡£¶Ô´Ë£¬ÀíÓÉÓжþ£ºÇ×ÊôȨËù±£»¤µÄÀûÒæÎ»½×¸ü¸ß¡¢ºÏͬ¹ØÏµ²»¾ßÓÐÉç»á¹«¿ªÐÔ£»Õâ¶þÕßÖÐǰÕßµÄÓ°ÏìÁ¦¸ü´ó¡£
[44]²Î¼û×¢[35]¡£
[45]²Î¼û×¢[41]£¬µÚ142Ò³¡£
[46]See Horton Rogers, Comparative Report, in Horton Rogers £¨eds.£©£¬Damages for Non-Pecuniary Loss in a Comparative Perspective, SpringerVerlag NewYork, Wien, 2001£¬p.263-264.
[47]Vgl. Oftinger/Stark, Schweizerisches Haftpflichtrecht Band I: Allgemeiner Teil, Schlthess Polygraphischer Verlag, Zurich, 5. Auflage,1995, S.423.
[48]Vgl. Franz Bydlinski, Die ¡°Umrechnung¡± immaterieller Schaden in Geld, in Helmut Koziol/Japp Spier £¨eds.£©£¬Liber Amiconun PierreWidmer £¨Tort and Insurance law Vol. 10£©£¬Springer Verlag, Wien NewYork, 2003, S.41
[49]See Suzanne Galand-Caival, Non -Pecuniary Loss under French Law, in Horton Rogers £¨eds.£©£¬Damages for Non-Pecuniary Loss in a Com-parative Perspective, Springer Verlag NewYork, Wien, 2001£¬p.94.
[50]²Î¼û×¢[47]£¬µÚ426Ò³¡£
×ܹ²3Ò³¡¡¡¡[1] 2 [3]
ÉÏÒ»Ò³¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ÏÂÒ»Ò³