[ ½ª·å ]¡ª¡ª(2011-12-29) / ÒÑÔÄ12602´Î
×¢ÊÍ:
[1]µÚ31ƪ£¬µÚ151Ò³¡£
[2]ÎÄÉÌØ¡¤°ÂË¹ÌØÂÞÄ·£º¡¶¸´ºÏ¹²ºÍÖÆµÄÕþÖÎÀíÂÛ¡·£¬µÚ1Ò³¡£
[3]David Hume, A Treatise on Human Nature, L.A. Selby-Bigge and P.H. Nidditch eds., Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1978., p.587.
[4]µÚ51ƪ£¬µÚ264Ò³¡£
[5]µÚ15ƪ£¬µÚ75Ò³¡£
[6]µÚ51ƪ£¬µÚ264Ò³¡£
[7]µÚ10ƪ£¬µÚ46Ò³¡£
[8]ͬÉÏÊ飬µÚ10ƪ£¬µÚ47Ò³¡£
[9]µÚ55ƪ£¬µÚ286Ò³¡£
[10]µÚ55ƪ£¬µÚ286Ò³¡£
[11]µÚ55ƪ£¬µÚ285-286Ò³¡£
[12]ÍпËά¶û£º¡¶ÂÛÃÀ¹úµÄÃñÖ÷¡·£¨ÉÏ¾í£©£¬µÚ267Ò³¡£
[13]²Î¼ûThomas Schwartz, ¡°Publius and Public Choice¡±, in Bernard Grofman and Donald Wittman eds. The Federalist Papers and the New Institutionalism, New York:Agathon Press,1989. p.37.
[14]µÚ72ƪ£¬µÚ368Ò³¡£
[15] [Ó¢]Ñǵ±¡¤Ë¹ÃÜ£º¡¶¹úÃñ²Æ¸»µÄÐÔÖʺÍÔÒòµÄÑо¿¡·£¨ÏÂ¾í£©£¬¹ù´óÁ¦µÈÒ룬ÉÌÎñÓ¡Êé¹Ý1997Äê°æ£¬µÚ27Ò³¡£
[16]µÚ57ƪ£¬µÚ291Ò³¡£
[17]ÔÚÖÆÏÜ»áÒéÉÏ£¬¸»À¼¿ËÁÖ˵£º¡°×öºÃʺÍΪ×Ô¼ºµÄ¹ú¼Ò·þÎñ¸øËûÃÇ´øÀ´µÄÀÖȤ£¬»¹ÓÐÕâÖÖÐÐΪ¸øËûÃÇ´øÀ´µÄµ±Ö®ÎÞÀ¢µÄÊÜÈË×ðÖØ£¬ÔÚijЩÈ˵ÄÐÄÖУ¬¾Í¹¹³É×ã¹»µÄ¶¯»ú£¬Ô¸Òâ°Ñ×Ô¼ºµÄ´ó²¿·Ö±¦¹óʱ¹â·îÏ׳öÀ´£¬Îª¹²ºÍ¹ú·þÎñ£¬ÐÄÖв»ÊܽðÇ®Âú×ãµÄÈκα°ÁÓÒýÓÕ¡£¡±²Î¼û[ÃÀ]ÂóµÏÑ·£º¡¶±æÂÛ£ºÃÀ¹úÖÆÏÜ»áÒé¼Ç¼¡·£¬ÒüÐûÒ룬ÁÉÄþ½ÌÓý³ö°æÉçÄê°æ2003Äê°æ£¬µÚ45Ò³¡£
[18][ÃÀ]¡¤¿Æ¶÷£º¡¶ÂÛÃñÖ÷¡·£¬Äô³çÐÅ¡¢ÖìÐãÏÍÒ룬ÉÌÎñÓ¡Êé¹Ý1988Äê°æ£¬µÚ60Ò³¡£
[19]¹ØÓÚÁª°îµ³È˵ÄÕþÖÎÀíÂÛͬµ±´úÖÆ¶ÈÖ÷ÒåµÄÁªÏµ£¬¿É²Î¼ûBernard Grofman and Donald Wittman, eds.,The Federalist Papers and the New Institutionalism, New York:Agathon Press,1989.
[20]»ô²¼Ë¹£º¡¶Àûά̹¡·£¬µÚ119Ò³¡£
[21]µÚ10ƪ£¬µÚ47Ò³¡£
[22]µÚ80ƪ£¬µÚ401Ò³¡£
[23]µÚ63ƪ£¬µÚ325Ò³¡£
[24]µÚ10ƪ£¬µÚ47Ò³¡£
[25]µÚ81ƪ£¬µÚ406Ò³¡£
[26]µÚ47ƪ£¬µÚ246Ò³¡£
[27]µÚ53ƪ£¬µÚ273Ò³¡£
[28]µÚ62ƪ£¬µÚ315Ò³¡£
[29]°ÂË¹ÌØÂÞÄ·£º¡¶¸´ºÏ¹²ºÍÖÆµÄÕþÖÎÀíÂÛ¡·£¬µÚ151Ò³¡£
[30]µÚ39ƪ£¬µÚ193Ò³¡£
[31]²Î¼ûJeffrey K. Tulis, ¡°Deliberation Between Institutions,¡± in James S. Fishkin and Peter Laslett, eds., Debating Deliberative Democracy, Malden, MA: Blackwell, (2003), pp. 200-211.
[32]µÚ10ƪ£¬µÚ45Ò³¡£
[33]µÚ10ƪ£¬µÚ46Ò³¡£
[34]µÚ10ƪ£¬µÚ51Ò³¡£
[35]µÚ10ƪ£¬µÚ50Ò³¡£
[36]µÚ51ƪ£¬µÚ267Ò³¡£
[37]µÚ51ƪ£¬µÚ266Ò³¡£
[38]µÚ208Ò³¡£¡£
[39]µÚ70ƪ£¬µÚ359Ò³¡£
[40]µÚ68ƪ£¬µÚ347-348Ò³¡£
[41]µÚ70ƪ£¬µÚ359-360Ò³¡£
[42]Ñ¡¾ÙÈËÍŵĺô¦£º²»ÈÝÒ×±»ÊÕÂò£»ºÜÄÑÐγɲ»Ç¡µ±µÄÁªºÏ¡£¡°ÓÉÓÚËûÃÇ·ÖÉ¢ÔÚÊ®Èý¸öÖÝ£¬Ò²²»»áºÜÈÝÒ×ͻȻ°ÑËûÃǸù¾ÝijÖÖ¹²Í¬µÄ¶¯»ú×éÖ¯µ½Ò»ÆðÀ´£¬ÕâÖÖ¶¯»úËäÈ»Éв»ÄÜÃûÖ®Ô»¸¯»¯£¬È´ÈÔÈ»ÓпÉÄܾßÓÐʹËûÃÇÆ«Àë±¾ÉíÖ°ÔðµÄÐÔÖÊ¡£¡±¼û¡¶Î·µÚ68ƪ£¬µÚ347Ò³¡£
[43]µÚ68ƪ£¬µÚ347Ò³¡£
[44]µÚ51ƪ£¬µÚ266Ò³¡£
[45]µÚ51ƪ£¬µÚ265Ò³¡£
[46]ËÕɺ¡¤µË¶÷£º¡¶æ¢ÃøïÃü¡·£¬µÚ81Ò³¡£
[47]Hofstadter, The Idea of a Party System: The Rise of Legitimate in the United States, 1780-1840, Berkeley: University of California Press,1969, p.53.
[48]ËÕɺ¡¤µË¶÷£º¡¶æ¢ÃøïÃü¡·£¬µÚ93Ò³¡£
×ܹ²3Ò³¡¡¡¡[1] 2 [3]
ÉÏÒ»Ò³¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ÏÂÒ»Ò³